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UNDERSTANDINGs, applications, and skills
2.7.U1 The replication of DNA is semi-conservative and depends on complementary base pairing.
2.7.U2 Helicase unwinds the double helix and separates the two strands by breaking hydrogen bonds.
2.7.U3 DNA polymerase links nucleotides together to form a new strand, using the pre-existing strand as a template. [The different types of DNA polymerase do not need to be distinguished.]
2.7.U4 Transcription is the synthesis of mRNA copied from the DNA base sequences by RNA polymerase.
2.7.U5 Translation is the synthesis of polypeptides on ribosomes.
2.7.U6 The amino acid sequence of polypeptides is determined by mRNA according to the genetic code.
2.7.U7 Codons of three bases on mRNA correspond to one amino acid in a polypeptide.
2.7.U8 Translation depends on complementary base pairing between codons on mRNA and anticodons on tRNA.
2.7.A1 Use of Taq DNA polymerase to produce multiple copies of DNA rapidly by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
2.7.A2 Production of human insulin in bacteria as an example of the universality of the genetic code allowing gene transfer between species.
2.7.S1 Use a table of the genetic code to deduce which codon(s) corresponds to which amino acid.
2.7.S2 Analysis of Meselson and Stahl’s results to obtain support for the theory of semi-conservative replication of DNA.
2.7.S3 Use a table of mRNA codons and their corresponding amino acids to deduce the sequence of amino acids coded by a short mRNA strand of known base sequence.
2.7.S4 Deducing the DNA base sequence for the mRNA strand.
2.7.U2 Helicase unwinds the double helix and separates the two strands by breaking hydrogen bonds.
2.7.U3 DNA polymerase links nucleotides together to form a new strand, using the pre-existing strand as a template. [The different types of DNA polymerase do not need to be distinguished.]
2.7.U4 Transcription is the synthesis of mRNA copied from the DNA base sequences by RNA polymerase.
2.7.U5 Translation is the synthesis of polypeptides on ribosomes.
2.7.U6 The amino acid sequence of polypeptides is determined by mRNA according to the genetic code.
2.7.U7 Codons of three bases on mRNA correspond to one amino acid in a polypeptide.
2.7.U8 Translation depends on complementary base pairing between codons on mRNA and anticodons on tRNA.
2.7.A1 Use of Taq DNA polymerase to produce multiple copies of DNA rapidly by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
2.7.A2 Production of human insulin in bacteria as an example of the universality of the genetic code allowing gene transfer between species.
2.7.S1 Use a table of the genetic code to deduce which codon(s) corresponds to which amino acid.
2.7.S2 Analysis of Meselson and Stahl’s results to obtain support for the theory of semi-conservative replication of DNA.
2.7.S3 Use a table of mRNA codons and their corresponding amino acids to deduce the sequence of amino acids coded by a short mRNA strand of known base sequence.
2.7.S4 Deducing the DNA base sequence for the mRNA strand.
Bioknowledgy
DNA Game
Alex lee
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Armando
Extra Resources
Video tutorial on the roles of Helicase and DNA polymerase in DNA replication by Stephanie Castle
DNA Replication by St Olaf College
DNA Replication by Wiley
DNA Replication visualisation style animation by HHMI
DNA Double Helix Game by Nobelprize.org
DNA Replication (a detailed animation) by John Kyrk
DNA Replication by St Olaf College
DNA Replication by Wiley
DNA Replication visualisation style animation by HHMI
DNA Double Helix Game by Nobelprize.org
DNA Replication (a detailed animation) by John Kyrk
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